ESAF – 2012 – RECEITA FEDERAL – ANALISTA TRIBUTÁRIO – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CONCURSO PÚBLICO – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: ESAF-2012-RECEITA FEDERAL-ANALISTA TRIBUTÁRIO-23/9/2012.

www.esaf.fazenda.gov.br.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text (1) – Brazil's economy | BBC.co.uk/news/business |➭ Text (2) – A Coup in Paraguay | International Herald Tribune |

➭ Text (3) – Armenia : prisoner of history | The Economist |

❑ PROVA:

❑ TEXTO 1: For questions 66 through 68, choose the best answer in accordance with Text 1.

    Brazil's economy

Government spending and exports of commodities like soy beans and metals to fast-growing countries in Asia, have propelled Brazil's economy to sixth place in the world.  But red-hot growth when Latin America's largest economy clocked in a 7.5% growth rate in 2010 appears to have fizzled out.
            
The economy stalled in May following an unexpected drop in retail sales. That heightened fears for what was one of the few bright spots of the world economy, making it the worst performer among Brics nations. GDP grew just 0.2% in the first quarter year-on-year, marking the third straight quarter of near-zero growth.
            
There seem to be few signs that GDP growth will head back up above the 2.6% posted last year. The Bank of Brazil expects growth to be lower than 2.5%. The drop in retail sales raised worries over Brazil's consumer-led growth model, which was fuelled by rising incomes and easy credit. In fact, the amount of loans that could not be paid back hit an all-time high in May, underlining how Brazilians are increasingly struggling to keep debt under control. That prompted banks to tighten lending, and the central bank cut interest rates for the eighth straight time in July to 8%.

From: BBC.co.uk/news/business July 13 2012 - adapted

👉  Questão   66 
Prospects for the Brazilian economy are
(a) promising, because interest rates are being cut.
(b) worse that before the May figures were released.
(c) among the least  hopeful in the world today.
(d) improving  in the view of the Bank of Brazil.
(e) expected to rise to 7.5% again this year.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  anulado 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Perspectivas para a economia brasileira são...
*Item (a) incorreto: são promissoras, porque as taxas de juros estão sendo cortadas.
*Item (b) incorreto: piores do que antes dos nºs de maio serem liberados.
*Item (c) incorreto: entre as menos esperançosas do mundo hoje.
*Item (d) incorreto: estão melhorando na visão do Banco  Central.
*Item (e) incorreto: são esperadas subir novamente para 7,5% este ano.

👉  Questão   67 
The phrase "in the first quarter year-on-year" refers to
(a) January-March 2012 compared to the same period of 2011.
(b) the last nine months of the current year.
(c) the last trimester of 2011 and the first of 2012.
(d) annual economic figures for successive years.
(e) the period April-June two years running.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
A frase "no primeiro trimestre de um ano para o outro" refere-se a:
*Item (a) CORRETO: refere-se ao Janeiro-Março de 2012 em comparação com o mesmo período de 2011.
*Item (b) incorreto: aos último 9 meses do ano em curso.
*Item (c) incorreto: ao último trimestre de 2011 e o 1º de 2012.
*Item (d) incorreto: aos números econômicos anuais por anos sucessivos.
*Item (e) incorreto: ao período de abril a junho em 2 anos consecutivos.

👉  Questão   68 
Paragraph 3 suggests that Brazil's economy has grown due to
(a) increased exports to Asia.
(b) international loans.
(c) foreign direct investment.
(d) high prices and inflation.
(e) domestic consumption.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
O parágrafo 3 sugere que a economia brasileira cresceu devido a...
*O item (a) incorreto: as exportações aumentadas para a Ásia.
*O item (b) incorreto: aos empréstimos internacionais.
*O item (c) incorreto: ao investimento estrangeiro direto.
*O item (d) incorreto: aos preços altos e inflação.
*O item (e) CORRETO: ao consumo doméstico.
👱 A economia brasileira cresceu devido ao consumo doméstico, VEJA no 3º parágrafo:
"[...] There seem to be few signs that GDP growth will head back up above the 2.6% posted last year. The Bank of Brazil expects growth to be lower than 2.5%. The drop in retail sales raised worries over Brazil's consumer-led growth model, which was fuelled by rising incomes and easy credit."
(Parece haver poucos sinais de que o crescimento do PIB vai voltar acima do 2,6% publicado no ano passado. O Banco Central espera que o crescimento seja inferior a 2,5%. A queda nas vendas no varejo levantaram preocupações sobre o modelo de crescimento comandado pelo consumidor do Brasil, o que foi impulsionado pelo AUMENTO DA RENDA E CRÉDITO FÁCIL.)

❑ TEXTO 2: For questions 69 through 71, choose the best answer in accordance with Text 2

       A Coup in Paraguay

            
On June 22, 2012, the Paraguayan Senate invoked a clause in the constitution which authorized it to impeach the president for "poor performance in his duties." The President was Fernando Lugo, who had been elected some three years earlier and whose term was about to end in April 2013. Under the rules, Lugo was limited to a single term of office.
           
Lugo charged that this was a coup, and if not technically illegal, certainly illegitimate. Almost every Latin American government agreed with this analysis, denouncing the destitution, and cutting relations in various ways with Paraguay.
           
The removal of Lugo had the negative consequence for those who made the coup of making possible the one thing the Paraguayan Senate had been blocking for years. Paraguay is a member of the common market Mercosur, along with Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay. Venezuela had applied to join. This required ratification by the legislatures of all five member states. All had long since given their assent except the Paraguayan Senate. After the coup, Mercosur suspended Paraguay, and immediately welcomed Venezuela as a member.

From: International Herald Tribune  18-7-12

👉  Questão   69 
President Lugo of Paraguay was removed from office in a process he considered to be
(a) a poor performance of his duties.
(b) premature and destitute.
(c) of dubious legality and legitimacy.
(d) unfair after a full three years in office.
(e) technically unnecessary in view of 2013 elections.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
O presidente Lugo do Paraguai foi afastado do cargo em um processo que ele considerou ser ...
*Item (a) incorreto: um desempenho ruim de suas funções.
*Item (b) incorreto: prematuro e pobre de provas.
*Item (c) CORRETO: de legalidade e legitimidade duvidosas.
*Item (d) incorreto: injusto após três anos completos no cargo.
*Item (e) incorreto: tecnicamente desnecessário em vista das eleições de 2013.

👉  Questão   70 
As a result of Lugo's impeachment, many Latin American governments
(a) applauded the move.
(b) severed ties with Paraguay.
(c) changed their analysis.
(d) impeached their own authorities.
(e) charged Lugo with illegitimacy.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Como resultado do impeachment de Lugo, muitos governos latino-americanos ...
*Item (a) incorreto: aplaudiram a ação.
*Item (b) CORRETO: romperam os laços com o Paraguai.
*Item (c) incorreto: mudaram sua análise.
*Item (d) incorreto: retiraram do poder suas próprias autoridades.
*Item (e) incorreto: acusaram Lugo de ilegitimidade.

👉  Questão   71 
The unexpected result of the overthrow of President Lugo was
(a) the blocking of Venezuela's membership of Mercosur.
(b) the Paraguayan Senate's ratification of Venezuela's entry into Mercosur.
(c) the permanent expulsion of Paraguay from Mercosur.
(d) the admission of Venezuela to Mercosur in Paraguay's absence.
(e) Venezuela's denunciation of the coup at a Mercosur meeting.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
O resultado inesperado da derrubada do presidente Lugo foi ...
*Item (a) incorreto: o bloqueio da adesão da Venezuela ao Mercosul.
*Item (b) incorreto: a ratificação do Senado paraguaio da entrada da Venezuela no Mercosul.
*Item (c) incorreto: A expulsão permanente do Paraguai do Mercosul.
*Item (d) CORRETO: a admissão da Venezuela no Mercosul na ausência do Paraguai.
*Item (e) incorreto: A denúncia da Venezuela do golpe em uma reunião do Mercosul.

❑ TEXTO 3: For questions 72 through 75, choose the best answer in accordance with Text 3

   Armenia : prisoner of history

            
ARMENIA tends to feature in the news because of its problems (history, geography, demography and economics to name but a few). But a new report  says not all is doom and gloom. The parliamentary elections in May showed signifi cant improvement. Media coverage was more balanced, and the authorities permitted greater freedom of assembly, expression and movement than in previous years. That bodes well for the future.
            
The economy is still recovering from the global financial crisis, which saw GDP contract by 14.2% in 2009. In the same period, the construction sector contracted by more than 40%. Remittances from the diaspora dropped by 30%. That led Forbes magazine to label Armenia the world's second worst performing economy in 2011. Over one-third of the country lives below the poverty line. Complaints of corruption are widespread, and inflation is high.
            
Low rates of tax collection - 19.3% of GDP, compared with a 40% average in EU countries - limit the government's reach. Cracking down on tax evasion could increase government revenue by over $400 million, says the World Bank. A few, high-profile businessmen dominate the economy. Their monopolies and oligopolies put a significant brake on business development. Their influence also weakens political will for the kind of reforms that the country sorely needs.

From The Economist print edition June 24, 012

👉  Questão   72 
With regard to the political situation in Armenia, the opening paragraph of the text is
(a) unnecessarily pessimistic.
(b) wildly enthusiastic.
(c) depressingly frank.
(d) remarkably despondent.
(e) mildly optimistic.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
No que se refere à situação política na Armênia, o 1º parágrafo do texto é

*Item (a) incorreto: desnecessariamente pessimista.

*Item (b) incorreto: extremamente entusiasmado.
*Item (c) incorreto: deprimentemente franco.
*Item (d) incorreto: notavelmente desanimado.
*Item (e) CORRETO: ligeiramente otimista.

👉  Questão   73 
The international economic adversities of 2009 had multiple effects on Armenia, including
(a) a massive boom in the country's construction industry.
(b) attempts to control the country's endemic corruption.
(c) critical acclaim of the country's economy in Forbes magazine.
(d) poverty-reduction plans to bring people into line.
(e) a drop in funds sent home by Armenians working abroad.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
As adversidades econômicas internacionais de 2009 tiveram múltiplos efeitos sobre a Armênia, incluindo ...

*Item (a) incorreto: um boom enorme no setor de construção do país.

*Item (b) incorreto: tentativas de controlar a corrupção endêmica do país.
*Item (c) incorreto: a aclamação da crítica da economia do país na revista Forbes.
*Item (d) incorreto: planos de redução da pobreza para trazer as pessoas para dentro da linha.

*Item (e) CORRETO: uma queda em fundos enviados para casa pelos armênios que trabalham no exterior.

👉  Questão   74 
According to the World Bank, the government could raise money by
(a) taking steps to repress tax dodging.
(b) joining the European Union soon.
(c) making the rich pay more for business.
(d) raising tax rates for high-profi le businessmen.
(e) introducing reforms in all sectors.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o Banco Mundial, o governo poderia arrecadar dinheiro ...
*Item (a) CORRETO: ao tomar medidas para reprimir a sonegação.

*Item (b) incorreto: ao juntar-se a União Europeia em breve.

*Item (c) incorreto: ao fazer o rico pagar mais por negócios.
*Item (d) incorreto: ao aumentar as alíquotas de imposto para empresários de alto perfil.
*Item (e) incorreto: ao introduzir reformas em todos os setores.

👉  Questão   75 
In paragraph 3 line 8, the word "sorely" could best be replaced by
(a) usually.
(b) obviously.
(c) scarcely.
(d) badly.
(e) painfully.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
No parágrafo 3, linha 8, a palavra "sorely" poderia ser melhor substituída por
*Item (a) incorreto: geralmente/normalmente.
*Item (b) incorreto: obviamente.
*Item (c) incorreto: escassamente/raramente.
*Item (d) CORRETO: muito.
*Item (e) incorreto: dolorosamente.